一般将来时【0基础最系统时态教程】第二集
老白 | 一般将来时
1️⃣一般将来时构成
will + 原型
否定：will not +原型
2️⃣一般将来时定义
—般将来时：表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态，亦表示将来经常或重复发生的动作，常与表示将来的时间状语连用，
如：tomorrow（明天），next year（明年）， soon（不久）等
3️⃣一般将来时的例子
be动词：
will + be
（因为be才是动词原形）
- Tomorrow will be Sunday.
- 明天就是星期天。
- There will be a new dress for her。
- 她将有一条新裙子。
- He won't be here tomorrow.
- 他明天不在这。
- will + not =won't
- You can call me this evening. I'll be at home.
- 你可以今晚打给我。我会在家。
实义动词：
- The cat will have a master.
- 猫要有主人了。
- l will throw a party on Sunday.
- 我将要在周日举行一个聚会。
- Leave the bread in the garden. The birds will eat it.
- 把面包留在花园里。小鸟会去吃它。
4️⃣疑问句咋整？
一般疑问句：
提问：will提前
回答：will
特殊疑问句：
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（顺序）?
5️⃣其他场景应用
- 主动提出去做某事
- That bag looks heavy. I'll help you with it.（而非I help）
2. 赞成 / 承诺做某事
- Thanks for lending me the money. I'll pay you back on Friday.
- l won't tell anyone what happened. l promise.
3. 请求别人做某事
- Will you please be quiet? I'm trying to concentrate.
- Will you shut the door，please?
4. 预测未来时，跟在l bet（非正式），l expect，I hope，l imagine，l reckon，I think，l wonder，and I'm sure，以及think和reckon构成的问句中：
- l imagine the stadium will be full for the match on Sunday.
- When do you think you'll finish work?
6️⃣shall
shall：只限于第一人称
意思上等同于will
疑问句：shall提前
疑问句回答：shall
shall的否定：shan't
Shall l / we ...？可用于询问意见 / 提议
- lt's very warm in this room. Shall l open the window？
- I'm going to a party tonight. What shall l wear?
- lt's a nice day. Shall we go for a walk?
shall和will的区别
- lt's very cold. Shall l shut the door?
- 你想让我关门吗？
- lt's very cold. Will you shut the door?
- 我想让你关门
7️⃣其他的方式表达将来
be going to do
I'm going to do… = I'm gonna do…（非正式）
- I'm gonna order a pizza.
- I'm going to order a pizza.
- We're gonna take a walk after class.
- We're going to take a walk after class.
- She's gonna buy a car next week.
- She's going to buy a car next week.
will vs be going to
相同点
- 表将来发生的事 / 情景（推测）
- l think the weather will / is going to be nice later.
- Where will you stay in Berlin?
- Where are you going to stay ...?
- if条件从句中，两者都可
- lf we go on like this, we'll / we're going to lose all your money.
- You'll / You're going to knock that glass over if you're not more careful.
不同点
- will
- 表示在说话时决定进行的动作
- 现在决定
- 预测未来时基于观点
- be going to
- 已决定进行的动作
- 之前决定
- 预测未来时基于事实
A：Let's go shopping tomorrow.
B：OK. l have made thelist. We are going to buy bananas, apples,...（已经计划决定好了）
A：Look, the yogurt is on sale.
B：Wow.In that case, I'll buy some.（现场说这句话的时候决定的）
- Why not come over at theweekend? The children will enjoy seeing you again.
- Look at those black clouds. It's going to rain.
be to +动词原形
用于新闻报道 / 谈话 / 命令等正式场合中表达近未来会发生的事
- Police officers are to visit every home in the area.
- You are not to leave the school without my permission.
以上句式仅限于表达可以人为控制的未来情况
be about to +动词原形
用于表达非常近未来会发生的事，常用语口语对话中
- l'm about to start work on my second novel.
- We're just about to eat. Do you want to join us?
be on the verge of + n. / v-ing
be on the brink of + n. / v-ing
be on the point of + n. / v-ing
用于表达很快会发生的事
- People are on the verge of starvation as the drought continues.
- 随着干旱延续，人们将很快遭受饥饿。
- Scientists are on the brink of making major advances in the fight against AIDS.
- 科学家们即将在对抗艾滋病领域取得重大进展。
be due to + 动词原形
用于在未来特定时间被期待会发生的事
- The company's CEO is due to retire next year.
- 公司的首席执行官预计明年卸任。
be set to + 动词原形
- Her new film is set to be a great success.
- 她的新电影已经准备好大获成功了。
一般现在表将来，用于表示计划、安排好的未来事情
现在进行时表将来，只用于动态动词，如arrive, come, go, leave, start等
