【龙腾网】美国民调:对美国太空计划的态度

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Space Exploration: Attitudes toward the U.S. Space Program
太空探索:对美国太空计划的态度
An AP-NORC Poll conducted in May 2019 looks at perceptions of space exploration and the United States space program.
AP-NORC在2019年5月进行的一项民意调查,着眼于人们对太空探索和美国太空计划的看法。

Ahead of the 50th anniversary of the U.S. moon landing, 60% say the space program has provided enough benefit to the country to justify its cost, while 38% do not consider the country’s expenditures on the space program warranted.
在美国登月50周年纪念日前,60%的人认为太空计划为美国提供了足够的利益来证明其成本的合理性,而38%的人认为美国在太空计划上的支出是不合理的。
Most Americans say it is important for the space program to monitor obxts including asteroids, comets, and other obxts that could impact the Earth, as well as scientifically research the universe, our solar system, and the Earth. On the other hand, the establishment of permanent human settlements on other planets or developing an American military presence in space are not considered priorities.
大多数美国人说,太空计划必须监测包括小行星、彗星和其他可能影响地球的物体,以及科学研究宇宙、太阳系和地球。在其他星球上建立永久性人类住区或发展美国在太空的军事不应该被视为优先事项。
美国太空计划应该监测可能影响地球的物体并进行研究(下图):
在太空中建立一个美军司令部 19
在其他行星上建立永久的人类居住区 21
重返月球上 23
送阿斯顿去火星27
在其他行星上寻找生命 34
继续资助国际空间站 42
在没有宇航员的情况下发送机器人探测器 47
开展科学研究,扩大对地球太阳系和宇宙的认识 59
监测小行星、彗星和其他可能影响地球的太空事件 68

More than 80% say the United States is not leading the world in space exploration. Sixty-four percent say the United States is one of several prominent nations in the field, while 17% say it is not a leading force at all. Another 17% regard the United States as the top country in space exploration.
超过80%的人说,美国在太空探索方面并不领先世界。64%的人认为美国是这一领域的几个重要国家之一,17%的人认为美国根本不是一支主导力量;另有17%的人认为美国是太空探索的第一大国。
Still, most Americans say the federal government should be mostly responsible for space research and exploration, with academia, private companies, and other countries playing a lesser role.
不过,大多数美国人说,联邦政府应该星太空研究和探索的主要责任,学术界、私营公司和其他国家的作用较小。
大多数美国人说政府应该在太空探索中发挥主要作用(下图)
There is not overwhelming enthusiasm for returning to the moon. In March, Vice President Mike Pence called for NASA to send astronauts to the moon within five years.[1] Forty-two percent favor that idea, while 20% oppose and 38% neither favor nor oppose.
重返月球的热情并不强烈。今年3月,美国副总统彭斯呼吁美国宇航局在5年内将宇航员送上月球。
Thirty-seven percent say sending astronauts to Mars should take precedence over going back to the moon, while 18% would rather have NASA send more astronauts to the moon. But 43% do not think either action should be a priority for the country.
37%的人认为送宇航员去火星应该优先于回月球,18%的人希望美国宇航局送更多宇航员去月球。但43%的人认为这两项行动都不应成为国家的优先事项。
While about half of Americans would take the opportunity to orbit the Earth, most say they have no interest in traveling to the moon or Mars. Space travel has more appeal for younger adults.
虽然大约一半的美国人希望利用这个机会绕地球运行,但大多数人说他们对去月球或火星旅行没有兴趣。太空旅行对年轻人更有吸引力。
年轻的成年人比50岁或以上的成年人更愿意亲自进入太空(下图)
蓝色:50以下 灰色: 50以上 第一个:环地球绕行 ,第二个:月球旅行 ,第三个: 火星旅行

Of the 31% who would take the opportunity to travel to Mars, less than half of them would travel to Mars if there was no chance of returning to Earth.
31%的人希望有机会去火星旅行,这31%中,不到一半的人会在没有机会返回地球的情况下去火星旅行。
Three-quarters of Americans think life exists elsewhere in the universe; that includes 65% who believe there is extraterrestrial intelligent life. Americans age 50 and older are less likely than younger adults to believe life exists elsewhere (80% vs. 68%).
四分之三的美国人认为宇宙的其他地方有生命存在,其中65%的人认为存在外星智慧生命。50岁及以上的美国人比年轻人更不可能相信生命存在于其他地方(80%对68%)。
The nationwide poll was conducted May 17-20, 2019, using the AmeriSpeak® Panel, the probability-based panel of NORC at the University of Chicago. Online and telephone interviews using landlines and cell phones were conducted with 1,137 adults. The margin of sampling error is plus or minus 4.1 percentage points.
这项全国性的民意调查是在2019年5月17日至20日进行的,使用的是Amerispeak®专家组,这是芝加哥大学Norc基于概率的专家组。利用座机和手机对1137名成年人进行了在线和电话采访。抽样误差幅度为正负4.1个百分点。