第七节 动词前缀“over-”
“over” 前缀动词表示过度。
1. act vi/vt 演戏;表演
overact vi/vt 演得过火;演得太夸张
overact (in)his part. 把他的角色演得太夸张。
2. balance vt/vi (使)平衡;使均衡
overbalance vt/vi (使)失去平衡;超过
a. Don’t ovebalance the canoe. 不要使独木舟失去平衡。
b. He overbalanced and fell into the water. 他失去平衡跌入水中。
c. The gains overbalance the losses. 利润多与亏损。
3. bid vt 出价
Will anyone bid 5 dollars for this painting? 有人出五美元买这幅画么?
overbid vt/vi (拍卖时)出价高过(他人)
He would either overbid the project, not bid at all.
他会出过高的价钱来投标工程,或根本不投标工程
4. burden vt 加负担于;使负担
The company was burdened with taxation. 为重税所累。
overburden vt 使负担过重;使装载太多
she was overburdened with grief. 她悲伤过度。
5. capitalize vt 用作资本;资本化
overcapitalize vt/vi 过分投资于
However, marketers can aggressively over-pursue product innovation and try to
overcapitalize on a niche.
然而,市场人员有可能过分追求产品创新,在某个市场上投资过大。
6. charge vt /vi 索价;要价
overcharge vt(向某人)索价太高
We were overcharged/undercharged for the eggs. 我们的鸡蛋买贵/便宜了。
7. crop vt 播种;种植
to crop ten acres with wheat. 种植 10 亩小麦。
overcrop vt 把(农地)使用过度
The land was overcropped. 这土地被过度开垦。
8. crowd vi/vt 拥挤;使挤满
to crowd a beach. 群聚于海滩。
overcrowd vt 使过度拥挤
overcrowded buses/trains. 爆满的汽车/火车。
9.do vt 做
overdo vt 做得过火
He overdid his part in the play. 在那出戏里他把他的角色演得太过火了。
10. dose vt 使服药
to dose oneself with quinine. 服奎宁。
overdose vt 使服用过量
to overdose sb with 使某人服用过量…。
11. draft n (凭汇票的)提款
overdraft vt/vi 透支
I have a credit card, but I never overdraft.
我有信用卡,但是我从来都不用透支的。
12 . dress vt/vi 给…穿衣服;穿衣
overdress vt/vi 打扮(自己等)太考究; 过度装饰
If you are going to the beach for a seaside dinner, dress nicely (no jeans) but don't
overdress.
如果你想去海滩就餐,打扮的漂漂亮亮(不要穿工作服)但也不要太讲究。
13. load vt 装货物于;装载(货物)
load a cart with coal. 装煤于车。
overload vt 使超载;使负担过重
students who are overloaded with studies. 学习负担过重的学生。
14. pay vt 付款;给某人报酬
overpay vt 多付
Has Jack been overpaid for his work? 杰克的工作报酬是否过高?
15. rate vt/vi 估价;评价
overrate vt/vi 高估;估计过高
overrate somebody’s abilities. 高估某人的能力。
16. simplify vt 简化
oversimplify vt 过于简单陈述(问题、事实)
Do not oversimplify the facts or take them out of context.
不要把事实简单化或断章取义。
17. sleep vt/vi 供给住宿;睡;睡着
This hotel sleeps 300 guests. 这旅馆可供 300 人住宿。
oversleep vt/vi 使睡过头;睡过头
He overslept and was late for work. 他睡过了头而迟到上班了。
18. state vt 说;陈述
overstate vt 夸大叙述;言过其实
Don’t overstate your case. 不要夸张你的实情。
19. stay vi 逗留;停留
overstay vt 停留太久而超过…期限
overstay/outstay one’s welcome. 停留太久而令人生厌。
21. tax vt 征税
tax luxuries/incomes. 征奢侈品税/征所得税。
overtax vt 课税过重;加过重负担与
overtax one’s strength. 过于用力。
22. work vt 使工作;使活动
a. The employer worked me nearly to death.
老板让我累到几乎快死了。
b. Don’t work him too hard. 不要让他工作太累。
overwork vt/vi (使)工作过劳或过久;过度工作
overwork a horse. 使马疲劳过度。
词 汇 积 累
1. clearance n 清理;清除
a. house clearance. 房屋拆除。
b. a clearance sale. 出清存货大减价。
2. cliché n 陈腐的话;老套
my cliché. 我的口头禅。
3. client n 附属国;附庸政府
client state. 附属国。
4. cliff n 悬崖
a. to fling the entire world economy over a cliff.
把整个世界经济推到悬崖边上。
b. to push us over a fiscal and financial cliff
把我们的财政和金融推到悬崖边上。
5. clip n (报纸或图片等)剪辑
the video clip. 视频剪辑。