【自用跟读版】新概念2-Lesson 15 Good news
一、单词
secretary /ˈsekrət(ə)ri/ n. 秘书；
nervous /ˈnɜːvəs/ adj. 神经紧张的，担忧的；
① be nervous about/at sth./doing sth 因某事而紧张不安
He is nervous about the exam.
She is nevous about asking for a lift.
②nerve n. 神经
③ be nervou of 对..胆怯，害怕…
afford /əˈfɔːd/ v. 买得起；有（时间）做某事；承担得起；
①afford sth
The book is too expensive, I can’t afford it.
② can /could/ be able to afford to sth/to do sth
We can’t afford to pay that car right now.
weak /wiːk/ adj. 虚弱的，无力的；
① 同音词 week 星期
② strong adj. 强壮的
interrupt /ˌɪntəˈrʌpt/ v. 打断，打扰；使暂停，使中断；
①inter- 在两者之间
-rupt 冲进来
通常情况下，前缀只改变词义，不改变词性
internet 互联网 n.
interview v./n. 面试，采访
international adj. 国际的
interaction n. 合作，互动
② Sorry to interrupt, but can I play jazz here?
extra adj. 额外的; /ˈekstrə/
I could use some extra sleep/time/money/hand/help
我需要多点睡眠/时间/钱/帮忙
二、原文
The secretary told me that Mr. Harmsworth would see me. I felt very nervous when I went into his office. He did not look up from his desk when I entered. After I had sat down, he said that business was very bad. He told me that the firm could not afford to pay such large salaries. Twenty people had already left. I knew that my turn had come.
'Mr.Harmsworth,' I said in a weak voice.
'Don't interrupt,' he said.
Then he smiled and told me I would receive an extra thousand pounds a year!
三、课文和语法
1、宾语从句-直接引语变间接引语 (间接引语可参考剑桥中级语法书Unit46-Unit47)
1) 宾语从句定义：句子做宾语
2）直接引语和间接引语
直接引语：直接引用别人的原话，句子用引号引用。“I am busy,” she said.
间接引语： 变换人称，根据情况变换时态，从句前加that连词 that 可省略
She said she was busy.
3) 直接引语变间接引语注意
人称的变化
从句时态的变化
添加连词that (that 没有任何意思，可省略)
4）直接引语变间接引语从句的变化
5)直接引语中的一般过去时knew/did/saw 等在间接引语中可保持不变，也可变成had done形式
Tom said(that) he woke up feeling ill, so he didn’t go to work.
或Tom said (that) he had woken up feeling ill, so he hadn’t gone to work.
6)在间接引语中，并不是都要改变动词的时态，如果转述的事实仍然成立或者有效，就不用改变动词时态了
Tom said ‘New York is more lively than London’
Tom said that New York is(was) more lively than London.(纽约仍然充满活力，只是说话的情景变了)
Ann said ‘I want to go to New York next year.’
Ann said she wants(wanted) to go to New York next year. 安仍想明年去纽约。
以上情况，将动词改成过去时也是正确的
如果转述的事情与事实不符，就一定要用过去时
7）在要讲明说话对象是，用tell, 否则用say
tell sb that …
say that…
可以用say sth to sb.
Ann said goodbye to me and left.
8）tell /ask sb to do sth
在间接引语中，特别是tell或ask（表命令或请求）之后，可以用动词不定式
直接：’Drink plenty of water,’ the doctor said to me
The doctor told me to drink plenty of water.
9) sb said (not ) to do sth
Paul said not to worry about him.
2. I knew that my turn had come
It’s my turn to do sth.
Mary and Helen took turns at sitting up with their sick mother
take turn at doing.
3. Then he smiled and told me I would receive an extra thousand pounds a year.
extra adj.额外的，外加的
On Sunday, I usually get some extra sleep.
4. 过去将来时
1)构成 would/should + do should 只用于第一人称
否定 wouldn’t shouldn’t
一般疑问would/should 提句首
2)用法
a. 从过去看将来，常用语宾语从句
b. was/were going to do 表示的过去将来时，常用来表示过去曾经打算或计划将要做的事情
She said she was going to buy a new bike
c. was/were + 不定式（to do ）表过去计划或安排将要做某事
She told me that she was going to plant some trees in the yard.
d. was/were about + 不定式 表即将要发生的动作
The bus was about to leave.
四、习惯用法
be nervous about sth. / doing sth.
afford sth.
Sorry to interrupt, but ...
afford to pay
my turn had come
in a weak voice
