外刊逐句精读｜《经济学人》：2022来了，出国旅行还会远吗？｜CATTI一级译员

红色：主句主干部分 蓝色：从句主干部分 黄色：从句连词、关系代词 （）：修饰成分，包括定语、状语等 灰色：插入语 下划线：词汇词组 绿色：词根词缀

注：笔记跟up所讲不完全一致，加入了一些自己的解析，如有错处欢迎指正。

2021-11-08《经济学人》2022国际旅行形势预测

思考题：

尝试总结本文提到的各大趋势。

有哪些精彩句型？

• International travel will get easier, but restrictions will remain
• Cross-border travel will probably not recover to pre-covid levels until 2024

cross-border a. 跨境的

cross- 横跨，穿越

cross-cultural a. 跨文化的

cross-party a. 跨党派的

pre-covid a. 疫情/新冠前的

pre- 在....之前

post- 在....之后

post-covid/post-pandemic 新冠/疫情后的

• The start of the pandemic was characterised by empty supermarket shelves, as global supply chains creaked （under the strain （of panic buying and the disruption ）（caused by covid-19.）

as引导的原因状语从句作主句的原因状语，under the strain作状语修饰creaked，and连接的并列名词作定语修饰strain，过去分词短语caused by covid-19作状语修饰panic buying和the disruption

pandemic n. 大流行病

epidemic n. 流行病

characterise v. 以....为代表

This election campaign has been characterised by violence.暴力行为已成为这次竞选活动的一大特点。

supply chain n. 供应链

creak vi. 嘎吱作响

creak under the strain 负担过重导致效率低下

panic buying/selling 恐慌购买/抛售

• The system soon adjusted. But one shortage that has not been alleviated is that (of international travellers).

第一个that引导的定语从句修饰先行词one shortage，第二个that代指shortage。

alleviate vt. 减轻，缓和

lev- 轻

wingardium leviosa 漂浮咒（哈利波特）

• Planes are still often half-full at best and many of the world’s airports remain sparsely populated.

本句是由and连接的并列句，两个并列分句都是简单句。

at best 充其量（表达乐观的估计）

sparsely ad. 稀少地

sparse a. 稀少的

sparsely populated 人口稀少的

• International arrivals fell (by nearly 75%) (in 2020), according to the UN’s World Travel Organisation, (with 1bn fewer people taking trips abroad).

with+ n.+ doing作伴随状语

arrival n. 到达者

World Travel Organisation 世界旅游组织

World Tourism Organisation（UNWTO）

• The figures for 2021 are not expected to be much better. But the prospects for 2022 look less gloomy.

prospects n. 前景

注：prospect用作负数且后面跟介词for时表示前景，用作单数且后面跟of表示可能性

glommy a. 黯淡的，悲观的

• 段落大意：

1、从疫情爆发之初全球供应链的混乱引出文章主题；

2、数据佐证疫情爆发一来国际旅行的萧条；

3、尽管2021数据依然虞姬cantankerous，但2022年前景会更好

• More people will rediscover the pleasures of jumping on a plane to go on a spontaneous city break, attend a long-planned family wedding or take the holiday of a lifetime.

spontaneous a. 心血来潮的

city break n. 在城市度过的小短假

lunch break n. 午餐时间

mini-break n. 短假

chance/experience of a lifetime 终生难遇的机会/经历

• And while executives will continue to spend a lot of time sitting bolt upright in video calls, more will also recline in business-class seats.

sit/stand bolt upright 笔挺地坐着/站着

recline v. 斜，斜躺

recline in/on sth. 斜躺在某处

business class 商务舱

first class 头等舱

economy class 经济舱

• (In the decades before the pandemic), international travel grew rapidly, (with the number of visitors (to foreign countries) tripling (between 1990 and 2019).

with+ n.+ doing作伴随状语

triple vi. 增至原来的三倍

quadruple, quintuple, sextuple=increase fourfold, fivefold, sixfold 增加至原来的四倍、五倍、六倍

• Budget airlines, growing prosperity and more leisure time underpinned this growth. These forces will eventually reassert themselves.

budget a. 廉价的

a budget flight/hotel 廉价航空/廉价酒店

underpin vt. 巩固，加强

reassert itself 重新发挥作用

段落大意：

1. 越来越多的人会重新开始使用飞机这种交通工具；
2. 过去几十年国际旅行发展迅速，尽管疫情打断了发展，但是基本面终归会回来。

• (Early in the pandemic), most forecasters reckoned that international travel would not recover to the levels (of 2019) (before 2023) (at the earliest), (and more likely in 2024). That still seems a reasonable bet.

that引导的宾语从句作reckon的宾语

forecaster n. 预测者

reckon v. 估计，估算

bet n. 预计，估计

a good/safe bet 有望成功的事

the best bet 最好的方法

• Restrictions (on international jaunts) are still tight and are lifting only slowly.

jaunt n.（短途）旅行

• Even now only three countries—Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico—impose no restrictions on visitors, while 88 countries are still closed completely and many more have draconian policies (in place).

while的意思是“然而；可是”，引导比较状语从句，从句是由and连接的并列分句。

draconian a. 严酷的，严厉的

in place 准备就绪

Funding arrangements are already in place. 资金安排已经到位。

• But as vaccination rates climb and infections fall, rules will be relaxed and routes will reopen.

• Much of the world’s population was barred from entering the United States until its rules changed (in November).

段落大意：

1. 国际旅行约在2024年前后才能恢复到疫情之前的水平，这个判断依然合理；
2. 但接种率的上升、感染的减少，将会导致未来相关政策的放宽。

• The recovery will be uneven.

uneven a. 不均衡的；不公平的；不规则的

• Domestic travel (in large countries) has already bounced back—America is getting closer to pre-covid levels and China has surpassed them already.

破折号之后的内容解释说明前面的内容，them指代pre-covid levels

• Regional travel is picking up. IATA, an airline-industry body, reckons Europe could be back to nearly four-fifths (of pre-pandemic levels) (in 2022).

pick up 改善，好转，增强

The wind is picking up now. 现在风愈刮愈大了。

IATA(International Air Transport Association) 国际航空运输协会

body n. 机构

a regulatory/review body 监管/评审机构

• But Asia’s recovery has been slow and may continue to lag the rest of the world.

lag v. 落后于

lag behind sth./sb. 落后于某事/某人

• Long-haul travel will remain at low levels until vaccinations are more widespread and the plethora of rules and regulations become easier to navigate.

long-haul a. 长途的

long-haul flight 长途飞行

short-haul a. 短途的

plethora n. 过多，过剩

a plethora of sth. 过多的某物

navigate vt. 理解，应付

段落大意：

1. 国际旅行的恢复将会是不均衡的；
2. 大国的国内旅行已纷纷接近或超越疫情前水平；
3. 区域内的旅行也在恢复，但亚欧之前存在明显差距。

• Leisure bookings surge whenever countries lift restrictions (on foreign travel), and unless a new, more dangerous mutation (of covid-19) emerges, that huge pent-up demand will help fill planes again (on short-haul routes).

surge v. 急剧上升，飞涨，激增

mutation n. 变异

mutant a. 变异的

pent-up a. 积压的

pen vt. 关起来，圈起来

pen up 被约束、束缚

• Businesses, however, plan to spend less (on travel). Surveys suggest that budgets are typically being cut (by 20-40%).

• The gloomiest prognosticators reckon half (of all business travel) could be gone (for good).

prognosticate vt. 预测

prognosticator n. 预测者=forecaster

for good (and all) 永远

• Many meetings and conferences will remain virtual, or (at least) take place (in hybrid form) (with far fewer people attending in person).

hybrid a. 混合的，杂交的

in person 亲自，现场

段落大意：

休闲旅行与商务旅行的对比

1. 休闲旅行：积压的需求终会释放；
2. 商务旅行：可能半数以上的商务旅行将永久消失。

• Even if a more virulent mutation (of the virus) emerges, (potentially putting everything into reverse again), one type (of globetrotter) will fly (above the lingering dark clouds)—the rich.

even if引导让步状语从句，现在分词putting.....作结果状语。破折号后的the rich解释one type of globetrotter。

virulent a. 致命的，恶性的

virus n. 病毒

put sth. into reverse 使某事逆转

globetrotter n. 环球旅行者

globetrot v. 环球旅行者

globetrotting a. 环球旅行的

lingering a. 挥之不去的

• Soaring demand (for seats (on private jets) is likely to continue as the wealthy sidestep many of the barriers (facing the masses).

as引导原因状语从句，现在分词短语facing the masses修饰barriers。

sidestep vt. 回避，规避（问题）

the masses 群众，老百姓

• The first eight months (of 2021) saw 2.9m flights (by business jets), (70% more than (in 2020) and a tad higher than (in 2019)), while commercial flights still languish (around 40%) (below pre-pandemic levels), according to WingX, a private-aviation data firm.

a tad n. 一点儿，少量

languish v. 滞留，衰弱

段落大意：

1. 富人的旅行不会受到太多影响；
2. 数据反映疫情以来私人飞机的航次大幅增长。

• If that is not exclusive enough, a new covid-free destination took off (in 2021) and is expected to welcome many more visitors (in the coming years).

exclusive a. 独有的，专享的

covid-free a. 没有新冠的

-free 无....的

duty-free a. 免税的

quarantine-free a. 免隔离的

• If you have several hundred thousand dollars (to spare), you can book a ticket (for a flight (to outer space).

段落大意：

作结：太空旅行可能会是富人们的终极选择

文章脉络总结

思考题

国际旅行的趋势

• General (P2/3)

International travel will recover in the long run, but restrictions will remain in 2022.

• Uneven recovery (P4)

Domestic travel in large countries has

already bounced back and regional travel is picking up. But Asia's recovery may continue to lag the world.

• Leisure travel and business travel (P5)

Leisure: Pent-up demand will help fill planes; Business: Companies plan to spend less on travel.

• The rich (P6/7)

Soaring demand for seats on private jets is likely to continue and space tourism is a new destionation.

精彩句型

1. Planes are still often half-full at best and

many of the world's airports remain sparsely populated.（描述国际旅行的萧条）

2.More people will rediscover the pleasures

of jumping on a plane to go on a spontaneous city break, attend a long-planned family

wedding or take the holiday of a lifetime. And while executives will continue to spend a lot

of time sitting bolt upright in video calls，

more will also recline in business-class seats.（描述未来旅行的趋势）

3.Unless a new, more dangerous mutation of covid-19 emerges, that huge pent-up demand will help fill planes again on short-haul routes.（描述积压的需求对未来旅行的影响）