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六级阅读技巧-01

2022-10-24 15:04 作者:伊普西隆德尔塔  | 我要投稿

1做题顺序

仔细阅读20-25min、长篇阅读15-18min、选词填空5-7min

2定位

a)先题后文

  • 题干:把握文章去向,是解题的路标

  • 选项:解题关键

  • 原文:解题的依据

b)关键词

优先关注:大数符---大写、数字、符号

重点关注:名词(短语)

细节、限定信息:实义动词,形容词,副词,介词短语(情感色彩,对比,时间)

阅读理解方法

1、常见特殊符号作用

  • a、逗号:两个逗号之间信息属于插入语(补充前面人的言论、某句话是谁说的、说话人的身份),作用是补充解释说明,阅读时,可先跳过不读。读完主干,在读插入语,可能会出题

  • b、破折号:两个破折号之间的信息属于插入语,作用补充解释说明,阅读时可以先跳不读。两个破折号之间不出题。

  • ※ :A-...-B,B用来解释A

  • ※:单波折号后会出题

  • c、冒号:可起到 补充或者解释说明信息语义作用

  • ※:冒号有可能出题

  • d、分号:可起到结构(长得像)或语义并列 语义作用。

  • ※:分号有可能出题

  • e、括号:可起到 补充解释说明信息 语义作用

2、常见逻辑关系词作用

1)并列、递进

常见词语:and、there with、in addition to、moreover 此外、or、as well as、also、besides、what's more、furthermore、moreover、in other words、more than、not only,but also、

作用:连接词所连接的两句话语义 相同或相近,情感态度保持一致

  1. besides=therewith=as well as=as well=and=also=too=in addition to=moreover=furthermore=apart from=aside from

    除 之外,此外,而且,加之(用于包括特殊的人或者事)

  2. that is to say = namely 也就是说(有解释补充说明的意思)

  3. to put it another way =put another way =in other words换句话说(有补充解释说明的作用)

  4. simply put=simply stated=simply spoken 简而言之

  5. or rather 或者更确切的说

  6. all of us passed besides Jim 我们都通过了,Jim也通过了

  7. all of us passed except Jim 除了Jim没通过,我们都通过了

  8. but=except for =apart from=aside from=other than除了。之外都,用于否定句中,用于不包括的特殊人或事

  9. no one saw it but me=there is nobody here other than me

  10. that's to say =namely 也就是说(有补充解释说明的作用)

  11. to put it another way=put another way=in other words换而言之

  12. 冒号,波折号表解释说明

2)转折、让步

转折关系不是转折词,而是语义的转变

常见词语:but、however、yet、whereas、rather、rather than、instead、instead of、in fact、unfortunately、while、though、although、even if、even though、despite、in spite of、notwithstanding 虽然,尽管、in disregard of = for all (that)、granting、granted that即使,假定

作用:连接词所连接的两句话语义 相反、相对,情感相对立

表示让步:

  1. despite=in spite of=notwithstanding=regardless of=irrespective of=out of account不予考虑=in disregard of=for all=for that=although=as=while=even if=much as用于句首=granting that=granted that 不管不顾,尽管,虽然,即使,

  2. after all毕竟

  3. certainly=of cause=indeed=it is true that 的确

  4. undoubtedly=there is no doubt that毫无疑问

  5. admittedly=we have to admit that应该承认的是

  6. it may be true that或许,真实的是

  7. there is no denying that 不可否认的是

  8. to be sure = although (与but连用)可以肯定的是

  9. at least至少

表示转折

  1. instead of=rather than 是。。而不是。。

  2. but=yet=although=though=while=whereas=when=only=but rather=instead=still=nevertheless=nonetheless=much as 尽管如此,然而,虽然,但是

  3. otherwise=or else否则,要不然

  4. in effect=in fact=in reality=indeed =virtually实际上,事实上,的确

  5. 注意,although、though、while、whereas、to be sure、in effect、in fact、indeed即表示让步也表示转折


3)因果关系

常见词汇:because、as、since、for、in that、due to、owing to、thanks to、credit to、attribute to、result from、therefore、thus、so、hence、as a result、consequently、account for、cause、lead to、contribute to、result in、lie in、be blamed for、be responsible for

原因:

  1. because of=be responsible for=as=since=for=therein=root=original=causality=due to=owing to=thanks to=according to=be attributed to=be contributed to原因是=now that=in that=seeing that=considering that=given that=on account of=on this account=on ground of=on ground that强调主观理由=out of=for the sake of=in the light of=in view of the fact that=by virtue of=in virtue of=by reason of=as a result of=as a consequence of=in consequence of=arise from=put sth down on sth把。归因于

结果:

  1. so=hence=therefore=thereby=thereof=thereout=therewithal=thereupon=thus=consequently=resulting=effect=consequence=in consequence=as a result=as a consequence=result in=accordingly=give rise to=lead to=arouse=agitate=awaken=fire up=provoke=spark=spur=stimulate=stir激起引起引发激发=trigger=activate=prompt=set in motion=set off=contribute to=attribute to=bring about=bring on=present=it follows that=it turns out that

  2. or else=otherwise 否则,要不然

作用:可用于细节、推断、词义等


4)比较关系

相关词汇:analogous 类比、analogy、comparable比得上、altornatively与此相反、contrary to相反、increase、decline、fall、improve、strengthern、enhance

作用:可用于 推理、细节 题型解题

变化趋势:increase、decline、fall、improve、strengthen、enhance

  • 相似比较

    1. likewise=like=similarly=akin=parallel with=analogy=analogous=comparable=by comparison with=in comparison with与。。相似

    2. identical=same完全相同=much as=as much同。一样

    3. be consistent with=consistently=be in agreement with=coincide with=accord with=agree with=match(意见、利益)与。。一致,相符的

  • 差异比较

    1. unlike= by contrast=in contrast=in turn=in contrast to=in contrast with=conversely=alternatively=on the contrary=contrary to=contrarily=on the other hand=otherwise=while=whereas=run counter to与。相反的,但是,然而

  • 相似或差异比较

    1. 比较级最高级most important=dominantly=largely

    2. of  and


5)举例关系 (针对例证题,例子+例子所证明的部分=题型)

相关词汇:such as 、like、for example、for instance、

作用:观点论证、解释说明

  • 1, like=such as=for instance=for example =take/consider/think of/remenber...(as an example)=a good case in point is...=from...to...(to...)=to illustrate = as an illustration

  • 2, 并列的 there be 句型

  • 3,let's take a look at、return to the example of。。

  • 4,in the case of 。。比如在。。


6)条件关系

  1. if = providing=provided=suppose=supposing that 如果,假如

  2. in case of = in the event of 万一

  3. falling 如果不能,如果没有

  4. but for =but that 要不是,若非(主句用虚拟语气)

  5. unless 除非

  6. as long as = only if 只要

  7. on condition that。。条件是。。

  8. if only 但愿,要是。。就好了(常用虚拟语气)

  9. only if 必须在。。条件下(引导条件状语从句)


7)强调关系

  1. above all = most important = valuable = dominantly =largely=most leading=generally=mainly=chief=substantially=the first and more important = matter=signify=count for = for the most part=most=a large proportion of 具有重要性,最重要的是

  2. in effect=in fact=in reality=indeed=virtually事实上,实际上,的确,其实

  3. in any case = anyway =at any rate 无论如何,总之

  4. 比较级,最高级

  5. noteworthy = of note=notable=noticeable=striking=remarkable=marked=express明确的=evident=distinctly=obvious=clear=clearlee=dominant=apparent=crytal显而易见=realizing清晰生动的,明确无误的=worth mentioning=observable= spectacular = pronounced = dramatically=understandable=palpable=important=significant显著的,值得注意的,明显的,显而易见的,清晰明了的

  6. reinforce = stress= strengthen=emphasize=build sth up 加强,巩固

  7. always=invariably=continually=consistently

  8. considerably 相当地

8)目的关系

  1. for fear of=lest 以免,以防

  2. for the sake of =in the desire to do sth为了

  3. in order to

注意:for the sake of 既表示原因,又表示目的


9)表示引出新对象

  1. about=concerning=regarding=with regard to =as for=as to=in respect of 关于

  2. in terms of 就。。而言,在。。方面

  3. when it comes to 当提到。。时

  4. as such 就其本身而言,就。。的严格词义而言


10)时间先后、顺序

  1. meanwhile = simultaneously = therewithal 同时地=coincide with 与。。同时发生

  2. preceding = previously =former=prior to先前的

  3. subsequent = following = in the wake of = upon =After=latter随后的

  4. lattermost最后的

  5. of late = lately =recent=latterly 最近

  6. to late=as yet=hitherto =up to the present= up to that point =so far迄今为止

  7. present ly= current ly=at present 当前的,现在

  8. for the present 暂且,目前

  9. around the clock 昼夜不停

  10. no longer 不再

  11. initial ly最初,开始 = at the begging of     【initiatory最初的】

  12. for a while 一会儿

  13. perpetual 、perpetuity、forever、for good、permanent、chronic长期的,长远,永远

    注:chronic 指疾病长期的,慢性的,连续复发的=continually recurring 

    反义词   intermittent = occasional ly= temporary

  14. before long 不久以后

  15. long before很久以前

sequence 顺序

precede 优先

proceed 继续





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